Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

• elham kargar ¹
• Ali Safayi sangari ²
• Mahmood Ranjbar ³
• Masoome Ghayoori ⁴

¹ PhD student in Mystical Literature, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran

² professor of Persian language and literature department, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Gilan University, Rasht, Iran

³ Associate Professor of Persian Language and Literature department , Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Gilan University, Rasht, Iran

⁴ Assistant Professor of Persian Language and Literature department , Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Gilan University, Rasht, Iran.

Abstract

The Treatise on Qashiriyyah and the Asrar al-Tawhid are prominent mystical books whose main foundation is based on the intellectual propositions of mystical jurisprudence. In her treatise, Qushairi, by adopting a scholarly stance, attempts to show the Sufi system of thought in line with the principles of Sharia, by presenting a jurisprudential identity of the foundations of Sufism, during the period of the emergence of deviation in Sufism and the confrontation between jurists and Sufis. In contrast to Qushairi's Sharia-oriented tendencies, a mystic like Abu Sa'id, by utilizing powerful artistic and literary tools in the path-oriented discourse of Sufism, strengthens the foundations of Sufism and attracts disciples. From the perspective of Louis Althusser, the French critic and philosopher, all of these tools serve as specific ideological mechanisms that ultimately lead to the reinforcement and reproduction of the ideological discourse of Sufism. Therefore, in the present study, we introduced these mechanisms and analyzed their functions in the infrastructure of these works using a descriptive-analytical method and based on Althusser's theory of ideology. The research findings show that Qushairi uses the mechanism of "religion" and Abu Sa'id Abu al-Khair uses the mechanism of "art and literature" to instill their mystical ideologies. The mechanism of "education" is also used in the educational method of Qushairi in the form of writing books and in the educational method of Abu Sa'id in the form of monastic education.

Keywords

• Ideological devices
• Louis Althusser
• The Mysteries of Monotheism
• Translation of the Qushayriyya Treatise